ngjm95

@dannyboy 145414 wrote:

Ca fait combien, 30.000 milliards de VND ?
Phát hi

De tête ,grosso modo 1 milliard d’euros.

@Bao Nhân 145300 wrote:

Bref, c’est pourquoi Mr Vu Khoan conseille aux futures diplomates vietnamiens de suivre plutôt l’exemple de la Thaïlande.

Diplomatie = souplesse d’esprit à la limite du cynisme:

Cambodia’s Twisted Path to Justice

by Ben Kiernan ‘[SIZE=-1] : ( Professor of History and Director of the Genocide Studies Program at Yale University[/SIZE])

Support aveugle de la communauté internationale :

China, the United States, and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), all supported Pol Pot’s Khmer Rouge in various ways. The Great Powers opposed attempts to bring the Khmer Rouge to justice. No country in the world could be found to file a case against them in the World Court. The Khmer Rouge held on to the Cambodian seat in the United Nations, representing their victims for another fifteen years even though they were openly accountable for their crimes. Rather, international aid poured into their coffers, abetting their war to retake power.
Governments were not alone at fault. In the 1980s, respectable non-government international legal bodies rejected numerous invitations to send delegations of jurists to Cambodia to investigate the crimes of the Khmer Rouge and possibly initiate official legal action. The American Bar Association, LawAsia, and the International Commission of Jurists all refused.
Only the Australian branch of the International Commission of Jurists showed interest, in the late 1980s. Powerful U.S. media outlets also campaigned to derail the attempt to document Khmer Rouge crimes.

Why did it take so long? From 1979 to 1994, there was tremendous international opposition to any legal action against the Khmer Rouge. Only since 1994 has there been an important shift.

Several actors contributed to the impunity the Khmer Rouge enjoyed after 1979:

[SIZE=+1]Thailand[/SIZE]
Neighboring Thailand has provided key support to the Khmer Rouge — beyond physical sanctuary along the border, or secret diplomatic aid. In 1985, Thailand’s Foreign Minister described Pol Pot’s deputy, Son Sen, as a « very good man. » In 1991, General Suchinda Krapayoon, who had seized power in Thailand through a coup, told a U.S. senator that he even considered Pol Pot a « nice guy. »

[SIZE=+1]The Media[/SIZE]

Quand le Khmers Rougrs donnaient dans l’écologie !:

In the early 1990s some of the Thai-based media were encouraged by official Western agencies to speculate that the Khmer Rouge leopards had changed their spots. First, they had become ecologists. One reporter recorded in 1991: « Western intelligence sources along the Thai-Cambodian border say that Pol Pot recently issued a directive calling on Cambodians not to poach birds or animals and to refrain from killing them for any reason. » Pol Pot’s military commander, ‘Ta’ Mok, was reportedly described by the same Western intelligence sources as being « hot on ecology issues and protection of endangered species. »

Une violation interprêtée comme une aide bienvenue pour les forces de l’ONU:

Khmer Rouge troops quickly attacked 25 villages in Kompong Thom province, driving 10,000 people from their homes. While some diplomats called this the « worst violation of the cease-fire so far, » officials of unnamed governments argued that « the Khmer Rouge apparently mounted the attacks to hasten deployment of U.N. peacekeepers to the area. »

[SIZE=+1]Chinese and U.S. policies[/SIZE]

No comment

« I do not understand why some people want to remove Pol Pot, » said China’s Deng Xiaoping in 1984. « It is true that he made some mistakes in the past but now he is leading the fight against the Vietnamese aggressors. » China provided the Khmer Rouge forces with $100 million in weapons per annum all through the 1980s, according to U.S. intelligence.

At the same time, international aid to the Khmer Rouge on the Thai border was pushed through by United States officials.

In the 1980s, U.S. Secretary of State George Shultz opposed efforts to investigate or indict the Khmer Rouge for genocide or other crimes against humanity. Shultz described as « stupid, »
The Far Eastern Economic Review reported that in 1989, U.S. « officials warned that if Thailand abandoned the Cambodian resistance and its leader Sihanouk for the sake of doing business with Phnom Penh it would have to pay a price. »
[SIZE=+1]The Paris Agreement[/SIZE]
Et Pol Pot bénéficiat du droit véto:

The terms of the negotiations, requiring unanimity for any agreement, also effectively gave the Khmer Rouge a veto. Pol Pot consciously used it, according to defectors’ reports of briefings that he gave to his commanders in 1988. He revealed plans to delay any elections until his forces controlled the country,
odians.

Meanwhile, the U.N.’s Human Rights Commission was to consider a draft resolution on Cambodia. The draft referred to « the atrocities reaching the level of genocide committed in particular during the period of Khmer Rouge rule, » and called on all states to « detect, arrest, extradite, or bring to trial those who had been responsible for crimes against humanity committed in Cambodia, and prevent the return to governmental positions of those who were responsible for genocidal actions during the period 1975 to 1978. »
However, the chairman of the Subcommission of Human Rights decided to drop this text from the agenda after speakers said that it would render a disservice to the United Nations.

The History Place – Points of View: Cambodia’s Twisted Path to Justice by Ben Kiernan
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[SIZE=-1]. [/SIZE]

@robin des bois 145215 wrote:

je vous suggère- dans votre intérêt- de la compléter comme suit : « Pour juger de l’implication chinoise avec les KR entre 75 et 79 « , parce que :

– c’est uniquement cette période 75/79 qui est jugée devant le TPI, notamment pour les « crimes de masse et les génocides » perpétrés par le regime au pouvoir, avec l’aide de ses alliés (Chinois).

– avant avril 75 ( exactement de mars 70 à avril 75), d’autres que les ChINOIs ont aidé aussi les maquis KR à « gérer les zones libérées ».. et « ce d’une manière assez hard » !! Devinez qui ?

Je vois très bien où voulez m’emmener . On en avait déjà discuté:

Aide chinoise estimée: avant 1975 _2 milliards de dollars,
1975 à 1979_1 milliard
occupation vietnamienne_(après denonciation du génocide )1 milliard
A coté de ces montants l’aide des USA tenait de l’aumône , moins d’une centaine de dollars. Tiens , un nouveau personnage dans le jeu d’ombres. D’ailleurs nombreux furent ceux qui accusaient les USA de contribuer à la montée en puissance des KR avec leurs bombardements.US supports Pol Pot

Direct U.S. Aid
But there are indications of direct U.S. Iinks to the Khmer Rouge. Former Deputy Director of the CIA, Ray Cline, visited a Khmer Rouge camp inside Cambodia in November 1980. When asked about the visit, the Thai Foreign Ministry denied that Cline had illegally crossed into Cambodian territory. However, privately, the Thai government admitted that the trip had occurred. Cline’s trip to the Pol Pot camp was originally revealed in a press statement released by Khmer Rouge diplomats at the United Nations.

Cline also went to Thailand as a representative of the Reagan-Bush transition team and briefed the Thai government on the new administration’s policy toward Southeast Asia. Cline told the Thais the Reagan administration planned to « strengthen its cooperation » with Thailand and the other ASEAN members opposed to the Phnom Penh government. There have been numerous other reports about direct links between the CIA and the Khmer Rouge. According to Jack Anderson, « through China, the CIA is even supporting the jungle forces of the murderous Pol Pot in Cambodia. » Sihanouk himself admitted that CIA advisers were present in Khmer Rouge camps in late 1989: « Just one month ago, I received intelligence informing me that there were U.S. advisers in the Khmer Rouge camps in Thailand, notably in Site B camp…. The CIA men are teaching the Khmer Rouge human rights! The CIA wants to turn tigers into kittens!

By late 1989 the distinction between « direct or indirect » U.S. support for the Khmer Rouge was less clear. When CGDK forces launched an offensive in September 1989, Sihanouk’s and Son Sann’s armies openly cooperated with the Khmer Rouge. Moreover, by then the Khmer Rouge had infiltrated the military and political wings of the ANS and KPNLF.

Although the U.S. government denies supplying the ANS and KPNLF with military hardware, a recent report claimed that KPNLF forces had received a shipment of weapons from the U.S. including M-16s, grenade launchers, and recoilless rifles. It has also been reported that the U.S. is providing the KPNLF with high resolution satellite photographs and « several KPNLF commanders claim Americans were sent to train some 40 elite guerrillas in the use of sophisticated U.S.-made Dragon anti-tank missiles in a four-month course that ended last month. » When the KPNLF launched a major offensive on September 30, a large number of U.S. officials were sighted in the border region, near the fighting
.
Right Wing Support
According to the Reagan doctrine, the goal of U.S. foreign policy was to « contain Soviet expansion » by supporting counterrevolutionary groups in Angola, Nicaragua, Cambodia, etc. and, in essence, « roll back » the « Soviet empire. » Many of the right wing groups which gained prominence after Reagan’s election immediately started programs to support contras across the globe. The World Anti-Communist League, the Heritage Foundation, the Freedom Research Foundation, as well as many others, all pressed hard for support of the « freedom fighters. »

Conclusion
Although most people believe that the U.S. ended its intervention in Southeast Asia in 1975, it is evident from the information provided here that the U.S. continues to support repressive and non-democratic forces in the jungles of Cambodia. When asked about U.S. policy in Cambodia during an April 26, l990 ABC News special, Rep. Chester Atkins (Dem. Mass.) characterized it as « a policy of hatred. » The U.S. is directly responsible for millions of deaths in Southeast Asia over the past 30 years. Now, the U.S. government provides support to a movement condemned by the international community as genocidal. How long must this policy of hatred continue?

[HR][/HR]

Le 1er trimestre tire à sa fin et voilà les premiers chiffres trés encourageants:
Inflation du mois de Mars:0.16% : bien inférieur à celui de 1.1+% de Février ce qui donnera en glissement de Mars 2011 à Mars 2012 un taux annuel d’environ 14%.
Déficit commercial réduit à 250 millions de $ : alors qu’en 2011 c’était en moyenne 3 milliards / trimestre avec un chiffre d’affaire export en hausse de 23.6%
Trade deficit hits $250m in Q1 – Economy – VietNam News

Vietnam official sees slower Q1 economic growth – MarketWatch

Certains craignent que la réduction du déficit commercial annonce un ralentissement économique autour de 4%.
La problèmatique qui se posera au Vietnam serait de choisir entre une stabilité durable de son économie qui entraînerait un acroissement du chômage et un abaissement du taux d’intérêt pour relancer l’économie sachant que chaque point de croissance gagné équivaut 200 000 emplois.
Chaque année , 1 million de jeunes Viets rentrent dans le marché du travail d’où la persistance du gouvernement à vouloir une croissance supérieure à 5%.
Qu’auriez vous choisi la stabilité économique ou l’emploi pour les jeunes ?

PS: La même question peut être posée pour des électeurs qui n’ont pas fait leur choix .